miRNA Agomir & Antagomir

An antagomir (anti-miR, blockmir) is a small, single-strand, synthetic RNA with chemical modifications including 5’ end-(phosphorothioate)2, 3’ end-cholesterol, 3’ end-(phosphorothioate)4 and whole sequence 2’-methoxy group.

This technology was first described by Krutzfeldt J. et al at 2005 [1]. It is a novel method for silencing endogenous miRNA.

The sequence of an antagomir is perfectly complementary to its own mature miRNA. However, instead of forming antagomir-miRNA duplexes, antagomirs exert its silencing through leading to degradation of miRNAs [2].

Antagomirs have the ability to differentially silence specific miRNAs that derive from the same primary transcript, indicating that silencing of miRNAs using antagomirs is specific. It is also proved that levels of miRNA were undetectable for as long as 23 days after injection of the complementary antagomir into mouse, indicating that silencing of miRNAs using antagomirs is long lasting.

The silencing of endogenous miRNAs by antagomirs is specific, efficient and longlasting and more and more researchers have employed antagomirs in their miRNA studies.

An agomir is a small, double-strand, synthetic RNA with same chemical modifications at antisense strand. Unlike antagomirs inhibit miRNA activities, agomirs mimic endogenous miRNAs to up-regulate miRNA activities.

Comparing to normal miRNA inhibitors and mimics, antagomirs and agomirs are good candidates for long-term miRNA loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies.

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References

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